cia crypto ag

The Post made stunning revelations in a report headlined, “How the CIA used Crypto AG encryption devices to spy on countries for decades.” Crypto AG was a Swiss encryption company. [3], The company has been criticised for selling backdoored products to benefit the American, British and German national signals intelligence agencies, the National Security Agency (NSA), the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), and the BND, respectively. They were ownedby the CIA: But what none of its customers ever knew was that Crypto AG was secretly owned by the CIA in a highly classified partnership with West German intelligence. [8] In 1952 the company, which until then had been incorporated in Stockholm, also moved to Switzerland. At this point, the company had 400 employees and the revenue increased from 100,000 Swiss franc in the 1950s to 14 million Swiss franc in the 1970s. It was a huge success for them, allowing them to snoop on governments and militaries around the world. [1] Hagelin had first been approached to sell to a partnership between the French and West-German intelligence services in 1967, but Hagelin contacted CIA and the Americans did not cooperate with the French. Le gouvernement suisse a annoncé mardi qu’il lançait une enquête sur les liens de Crypto AG avec la CIA et la BND. Alors que la société suisse gagne en popularité, la CIA, ainsi que la NSA (l’agence nationale de sécurité et d’information des États-Unis) et le Bundesnachrichtendienst (ou BND), le service de renseignements de l’ancienne RFA, décident d’investir définitivement dans le pilotage complet de Crypto AG. A shadowy Swiss encryption company secretly controlled by the CIA was eavesdropping for decades on the world’s secrets and leaking them to US and … Crypto AG Was Owned by the CIA The Swiss cryptography firm Crypto AG sold equipment to governments and militaries around the world for decades after World War II. [10], In 2018, Crypto AG was liquidated, and its assets and intellectual property sold to two new companies. Iran, Inde, Pakistan, et même le Vatican: Crypto AG disposait d'une clientèle prestigieuse. During his time in United States, Hagelin became close friends[9] with William F. Friedman, who in 1952 became chief cryptologist for the National Security Agency (NSA) and whom Hagelin had known since the 1930s. Crypto AG was a Swiss company specialising in communications and information security. L’Agence a même réussi à obtenir indirectement des informations confidentielles provenant de l’URSS et de la Chine – évitant pourtant tout contact avec Crypto AG – grâce à leurs communications avec des clients de la société suisse. Inslaw also asserted that modified PROMIS was used … Lors de la guerre des Malouines, l'agence fournissait aux Britanniques les communications argentines. Hagelin's hope was to sell the device to the United States Army. Game of Thrones : 10 ans plus tard, que nous réserve l’univers de George R.R Martin ? [4] The official reason was that it was transferred as a result of a planned Swedish government nationalization of militarily important technology contractors. Suite aux révélations du Washington Post, le gouvernement suisse aurait indiqué à l’AFP conduire une enquête sur Crypto AG pour “clarifier les choses.”. In other cases, Crypto AG was apparently forced to market encryption equipment manufactured in the US, sent to Crypto, and passed off as Swiss equipment. [4] Originally called AB Cryptoteknik and founded by Arvid Gerhard Damm in Stockholm in 1920, the firm manufactured the C-36 mechanical cryptograph machine that Damm had patented. So the - Crypto AG, from its inception, was cooperating with U.S. intelligence agencies and, for most of its history, was actually owned by the CIA. [22][23] These claims were vindicated by US government documents declassified in 2015. Intelligence gathering… [15], The Iranian government then arrested Crypto AG's top salesman, Hans Buehler, in March 1992 in Tehran. Celle-ci aurait ensuite continué de contrôler l’ensemble de l’activité de Crypto AG jusqu’en 2018. [1] According to a Swiss parliamentary investigation, "Swiss intelligence service were aware of and benefited from the Zug-based firm Crypto AG’s involvement in the US-led spying".[7]. So, from an intelligence perspective, the relationship between the CIA and the BND [Bundesnachrichtendienst, German intelligence agency] on the one side and Crypto AG on the other was a godsend. William (Bill) Friedman Cryptologist … Hagelin kept both NSA and its United Kingdom counterpart, Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), informed about the technical specifications of different machines and which countries were buying which machines. [17], Crypto AG rejected these accusations as "pure invention", asserting in a press release that "in March 1994, the Swiss Federal Prosecutor's Office initiated a wide-ranging preliminary investigation against Crypto AG, which was completed in 1997. SOCRATES - Cryptonym for a CIA fiduciary involved in the Crypto AG operation * SPARTAN - Secret licensing agreement between the CIA and Boris Hagelin, owner of Crypto AG (1960-1970) * T THESAURUS - Code name for the joint CIA-BND project to buy (in 1970) and secretly run the Swiss manufacturer of encryption devices Crypto AG (cryptonym: MINERVA). The accusations regarding influence by third parties or manipulations, which had been repeatedly raised in the media, proved to be without foundation. [1] With headquarters in Steinhausen, the company was a long-established manufacturer of encryption machines and a wide variety of cipher devices. Providing such information would have allowed the intelligence agencies to reduce the time needed to crack the encryption of messages produced by such machines from impossibly long to a feasible length. Disney+ : voici le programme du mois de mai, Comparatif VPN : lequel choisir en 2021 ? The alleged manipulation by Crypto AG took place in the 1950 - 1990’s. L’Iran, des pays d’Amérique latine, l’Arabie Saoudite, l’Inde, le Pakistan, la Libye, le Vatican : tous ont été clients d’une société de télécommunications et de chiffrement suisse pour sécuriser leurs informations, leurs communications et leurs capitaux, Crypto AG. Swiss firm Crypto AG supplied encoding devices to more than 120 governments from the Cold War era up to the 2000s. Une news ? Les années 1960 marquent ainsi le début d’une opération secrète qui va durer près de 50 ans : son nom est Thesaurus puis devient Rubicon. It accused Buehler of leaking their encryption codes to Western intelligence. Le moment où la Suisse a pris ces mesures était curieux. Crypto AG est une entreprise suisse basée à Steinhausen, dans le canton de Zoug, et spécialisée dans les télécommunications et la cryptographie. The CIA bought Crypto AG in 1971. [4][14] Suspicions of this collusion were aroused in 1986 following US president Ronald Reagan's announcement on national television that, through interception of diplomatic communications between Tripoli and the Libyan embassy in East Berlin, he had irrefutable evidence that Muammar Gaddafi of Libya was behind the West Berlin discotheque bombing in 1986. [16] Soon after Buehler's release Crypto AG dismissed him and sought to recover the $1m bail money from him personally. The central intelligence agency or CIA and Crypto AG – a trusted name in the encryption industry – are now revealed to be two parts of the same puzzle with the inclusion of a German intelligence group BND. Crédits : jarmoluk / Pixabay. Died in a car accident in 1970, just five months after Boris had sold Crypto AG to BND and CIA. Leaked documents have revealed that the CIA owned and controlled global encryption company Crypto AG for more than 50 years. Comparatif meilleure néo banque que choisir . Crypto AG, a Swiss firm, sold equipment to more than 120 countries over decades, the report says, and the CIA and West German intelligence “rigged the … According to declassified (but partly redacted) US government documents released in 2015, in 1955 (just after encryption was added to the US Munitions List on November 17, 1954) Crypto AG's founder Boris Hagelin and William Friedman entered into an unwritten agreement concerning the C-52 encryption machines that compromised the security of some of the purchasers. Le Washington Post a révélé le "coup du siècle" de la CIA. And it is precisely this "home advantage" that the CIA uses to incorporate secret back doors into the encryption mechanisms and devices of Crypto AG. On 7 August 1991, one day before Bakhtiar's body was discovered, the Iranian Intelligence Service transmitted a coded message to Iranian embassies, inquiring "Is Bakhtiar dead?" Among Crypto's clients were Iran, India, Pakistan, and the Vatican. It made millions of dollars since World War II selling encryption devices. The company, called Crypto AG, sold code-making equipment to Iran, India, Pakistan, Latin American nations and dozens of other countries. But the most striking discovery was that, in 1970, Crypto AG had secretly been purchased by the German BND and the American CIA, in a project known as Operation THESAURUS — later renamed RUBICON.In 1994, the CIA became the sole owner, and in 2019 the company was dissolved, after the product range and some personnel had been taken over by Crypto International AG. She was the secret owner. Dans les années 1970 puis 1980, l’opération Rubicon aurait représenté 40% de l’activité de la NSA. Crypto AG sent over new machines to the NSA and they had an ongoing discussion concerning which countries they would or would not sell the encryption systems to, and which countries to sell older, weaker systems. In 1993, the CIA secretly bought out the BND’s stake for $17 million, and owned Crypto AG outright until only two years ago when its remaining assets were liquidated. In the end he was awarded a licensing agreement. In other words: the Swiss Crypto AG belonged to the CIA. Son of Boris Sr. who was supposed to take over the company in due course. [citation needed], Further evidence suggesting that the Crypto AG machines were compromised was revealed after the assassination of former Iranian Prime Minister Shapour Bakhtiar in 1991. (Security Notice – Statement on Media Reports Concerning Eavesdropping by CIA-controlled Crypto AG) Huawei officially replied and said, Following reports by The Guardian […] After Damm's death, and just before the Second World War, Cryptoteknik came under the control of Hagelin, an early investor. The CIA and Germany's intelligence agency secretly owned a Swiss company used by governments to send encrypted communications for decades, according to a report published Tuesday. 140,000 units were made during the war for American troops. In essence, it was necessary for our 'gentlemen' to be able to read 'other gentlemen's' mail. The latest buzz in the cryptocurrency sphere is the connection between Crypto AG and intelligence agencies. In 1958 when Friedman retired, Howard C. Barlow, a high-ranking NSA employee, and Lawrence E. Shinn, NSA's signal intelligence directory in Asia, took over the correspondence. Accueil » Crypto » La CIA aurait réussi à espionner le monde grâce à une société suisse de « cryptage », Par Felix Gouty le 12 février 2020 à 12h30. CyOne was created for Swiss domestic sales, while Crypto International AG was founded in 2018 by Swedish entrepreneur Andreas Linde, who acquired the brand name, international distribution network, and product rights from the original Crypto AG. Dans un rapport en 2004, la CIA se félicite elle-même d’avoir réussi “le coup du siècle” avec l’opération Rubicon. Swiss media and the German magazine Der Spiegel took up his case in 1994, interviewing former employees and concluding that Crypto's machines had in fact repeatedly been rigged. Swiss report reveals new details on CIA spying operation The CX-52, a cipher machine, was developed by Crypto AG founder Boris Hagelin in the 1950s, before the CIA took covert control of … [8][1] The same year, Hagelin's lawyer, Stuart Hedden, became deputy commander in CIA, Inspector General. I can only imagine they have upped their game since then and set their sites on larger and more far-reaching companies that handle data. In June 1970, the company was bought in secret by the CIA and the West-German intelligence service, BND, for $5.75 million. [1][24][25], The Swiss government's decision to impose export controls on Crypto International in the wake of the Crypto AG disclosures caused diplomatic tensions with Sweden, reportedly leading to the latter cancelling plans to celebrate 100 years of diplomatic relations with Switzerland. Crypto AG had already earlier been accused of rigging its machines in collusion with intelligence agencies such as NSA, GCHQ, and the German Federal Intelligence Service (BND), enabling the agencies to read the encrypted traffic produced by the machines. We are a completely different company, founded almost 30 years later. Vous voulez nous soumettre un bon plan ? "[citation needed] Subsequent commentators[18][19][20][21] were unmoved by this denial, stating that it was likely that Crypto AG products were indeed rigged. Inslaw, which was privately owned, claimed that senior officials in the Reagan administration conspired with the Department of Justice to acquire PROMIS illegally by driving the company into bankruptcy. It was secretly jointly owned by the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and West German Federal Intelligence Service (BND) from 1970 until about 1993, with the CIA continuing as sole owner until about 2018. The CIA controls Crypto AG company and used to monitor global communications equipment, the media revealed that Huawei has not announced any cooperation with Crypto AG and other companies under CIA control. But the spies reportedly rigged the … The secret relationship initiated by the agreement also involved Crypto AG not selling machines such as the CX-52, a more advanced version of the C-52, to certain countries; and the NSA writing the operations manuals for some of the CX-52 machines on behalf of the company, to ensure the full strength of the machines would not be used, thus again reducing the necessary cracking effort. In 1948 Hagelin moved to Steinhausen in Switzerland to avoid taxes. LLC, a Wyoming company providing encryption and interception solutions for communications. Crypto AG was used by U.S. allies and adversaries, including more than 120 countries. 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[26][27] The export controls preventing Swedish authorities from obtaining equipment from Crypto International was reportedly a reason behind Sweden's decision. Founder and initial owner of Crypto AG. The company had about 230 employees, had offices in Abidjan, Abu Dhabi, Buenos Aires, Kuala Lumpur, Muscat, Selsdon and Steinhausen, and did business throughout the world. Boris (Bo) Hagelin Jr. [11], in 2020, it was established following a parliamentary investigation that the Swiss government and its intelligence services were aware of the spying activities of Swiss-based CRYPTO since many years and "benefited from the US-led spying".[12]. Dès lors, la CIA et ses partenaires allemands auraient truqués les produits de chiffrement vendus par Crypto AG à de riches pays ou politiciens ou militaires afin d’espionner leurs moindres faits et gestes. Au début de ce mois, les autorités suisses ont révoqué la licence d’exportation de Crypto International. Pendant la crise des otages en 1981, la CIA pouvait ainsi écouter les mollahs d'Iran. In 1987 renamed into … The operation was known first by the code name "Thesaurus" and later "Rubicon". The project, initially known by codename "Thesaurus" and later as "Rubicon" operated from the end of the Second World War until 2018. Crypto AG was liquidated in 2018 in a transaction the Washington Post said seemed designed to cover for a CIA exit and that created two successor companies: Crypto International and CyOne Security AG. Buehler was interrogated for nine months but, being completely unaware of any flaw in the machines, was released in January 1993 after Crypto AG posted bail of $1m to Iran. Selon le Post, la CIA est parvenue à lire environ 85% des messages codés iraniens grâce à cette méthode de truquage. With headquarters in Steinhausen, the company was a long-established manufacturer of encryption machines and a wide variety of cipher devices. [2] The owners of Crypto AG were unknown, supposedly even to the managers of the firm, and they held their ownership through bearer shares. Crypto International, une entreprise privée suédoise, en est désormais le propriétaire. During the 1950s, Hagelin and Friedman had frequent mail correspondence, both personal and business alike. Le Washington Post a révélé le « coup du siècle » de la CIA. Namely that the CIA and BND partnership added backdoors into the Crypto AG encryption products and used these for intelligence gathering purposes across the years. En tout, le journal américain estime que 120 pays – dont 62 identifiés – auraient pu être espionnés par la CIA au travers des services vendus par Crypto AG. [4], In 2010, Crypto AG sold G.V. [8] A holding company was set up in Liechtenstein. From the Cold War into the 2000s, Crypto AG sold the devices to more than 120 governments worldwide. In 1994, Crypto AG bought InfoGuard AG a company providing encryption solutions to banks. President Reagan then ordered the bombing of Tripoli and Benghazi in retaliation. Corona pandemic: Continued response to enquiries and support. [4][5][6] On 11 February 2020, The Washington Post, ZDF and SRF revealed that Crypto AG was secretly owned by the CIA in a highly classified partnership with West German intelligence, and the spy agencies could easily break the codes used to send encrypted messages. La relation entre la CIA et Crypto AG aurait débuté durant la seconde guerre mondiale. Crypto AG was a Swiss company specialising in communications and information security. Unlike Crypto AG or Omnisec, Inslaw, Inc., which developed PROMIS software in the early 1980s, was not owned by the CIA and the BND. L'entreprise a une grande expérience en tant que constructeur de dispositifs de chiffrement, achetés par des gouvernements du monde entier pour assurer la confidentialité de leurs communications diplomatiques ou militaires. Ou juste faire une remarque ? The CIA’s ownership and protection of Operation Rubicon continued well beyond the German exit in 1994, until Crypto AG was sold again in 2018. It was secretly jointly owned by the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and West German Federal Intelligence Service (BND) from 1970 until about 1993, with the CIA continuing as sole owner until about 2018. For any questions, please contact us. L’évolution des technologies de “cryptage” ou chiffrement actuelles aurait rapidement rendu caduque un tel investissement. Western governments deciphered this transmission, causing the Iranians to suspect their Crypto AG equipment. Le Temps has argued that Crypto AG had been actively working with the British, US and West German secret services since 1956, going as far as to rig instruction manuals for the machines on the orders of the NSA. 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