retroperitoneum dansk

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They may manifest as exophytic, lobulated, or infiltrative tumors. Vulvar diffuse B-cell lymphoma (biopsy confirmed) in a 58-year-old woman who presented with a vulvar mass. Definitive chemoradiation therapy is the standard of care for squamous cell carcinoma, offering similar local-regional control rates and survival rates as surgery, with a 5-year survival rate of more than 80% (91); however, as many as 35% of patients will have distant or regional relapse even after therapy, necessitating radical surgery. Primary adenocarcinoma of the vagina (72) typically arises from the anterior aspect of the upper vagina or rectovaginal septum, superior to the perineum. Recurrent urethral diverticulum in a 27-year-old woman who presented with incontinence. Note the anterior recess of the ischioanal fossa, which is continuous with the anal triangle. 208, No. The anomalies can be divided into two main groups: hemangiomas and vascular malformations. Lymphadenopathy is most typically seen in the inguinal lymph nodes in primary carcinoma of the distal half of the vagina. Osteochondromas may be solitary or multiple and may arise spontaneously or from multiple hereditary exostoses, an autosomal dominant disorder. (c) Axial fused FDG PET/CT image shows intense FDG avidity of the mass (arrow). Transvaginal surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Imaging of myxoid neoplasms is important in determining their anatomic extent and in optimizing the surgical approach. Patients typically present with a nonulcerated vulvar mass, the labia majora being the predominant site, with less frequent involvement of the clitoris and Bartholin gland. (a) Axial T2-weighted MR image (3500/85) shows a hyperintense unilocular cystic lesion with a fluid-debris level (arrow) posterior to the urethra (arrowhead), consistent with a urethral diverticulum. Special interest in uro-onco, gynaecologist-onco, head-neck and GI surgeries. To decrease morbidity, current surgical treatment is radical wide local excision for a lateral lesion and with an accompanying unilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy only if the depth of stromal invasion is more than 1 mm. (b) Axial contrast-enhanced CT image at the same level shows soft-tissue attenuation in the tumors (arrows). (d) Axial T2-weighted MR image (3500/85) obtained 1 year later shows enlargement of the diverticulum, with a fluid-debris level (arrow) that is now multilocular and horseshoe shaped surrounding the urethra (arrowhead). 3, Seminars in Ultrasound, CT and MRI, Vol. Transperineal biopsy revealed angiomyofibroblastoma. Rarely does it extend beyond the pelvis. Squamous cell cancer is typically hypointense on T1-weighted images and has intermediate intensity on T2-weighted images, with heterogeneous contrast material enhancement. The liver is the largest organ, accounting for approximately 2% to 3% of average body weight. The swirled appearance is thought to be due to stretching of the fibrovascular stroma and disorganized vascular network of the tumor (100). The field of view is limited with endoanal US or MR imaging with a pelvic coil, as some mesorectal lymph nodes lying superior to the perineum are distant to the endoanal probe and inguinal and iliac lymph nodes cannot be simultaneously assessed (92). The mass extends into the left groin (arrowhead). Leiomyosarcomas and other vaginal malignancies can also have intermediate to high intensity on T2-weighted images, but the presence of rapid growth, infiltrative appearance, and regional metastasis distinguishes them from benign leiomyomas (79). performed in an effort to preserve ejaculatory function. A wide array of diseases affect the female perineum in adults. Purpose: Metastatic testis cancer in the retroperitoneum presents a technical. Artiklerne er skrevet af forskere og eksperter på dansk. 1 Located in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity beneath the right hemidiaphragm, it is protected by the rib cage and maintains its position . (a) Axial contrast-enhanced CT image shows a central soft-tissue mass of the labia minora, with involvement of the urethral meatus traversed by a Foley catheter (arrow), and enlarged bilateral inguinal nodes (arrowheads). (a) Axial T2-weighted MR image (3500/85) shows innumerable hyperintense fusiform neurofibromas (arrows) in the ischioanal fossa, following the course of the pudendal nerves. Results: Atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), and high-grade LN (HG-LN) were diagnosed in 44, 63, and 15 patients, respectively. HERE are many translated example sentences containing "THE TUMMY" - english-vietnamese translations and search engine for english translations. 7, No. The pattern of lymph node spread reflects the site of origin of the tumor; tumors superior to the dentate line spread to the perirectal, internal iliac, and retroperitoneal nodes; tumors below the dentate line spread to the inguinal nodes. Alligevel har vi valgt at bevare siden, da nogle måske kan bruge informationerne på artiklerne. Pathologic analysis shows that the tumors contain abundant intra- and extracellular mucin. Like most benign myxoid neoplasms, angiomyofibroblastomas are almost always amenable to local excision, and postsurgical recurrence is rare. Artiklerne er skrevet af forskere og eksperter på dansk. Most patients with vulvar cellulitis can be treated with an antibiotic regimen active against MRSA, although abscess formation usually requires surgical incision and drainage (21). The most important risk factors for postoperative complication are large size, horseshoe configuration, and proximal location. B = bladder, IAF = ischioanal fossa, P = pubis, PB = perineal body. 38, No. Organer der ligger bag peritoneum. The vagina (curved arrow) and anus (arrowhead) are displaced to the left. Symptoms include sudden pain, tenderness, and ecchymosis and are thought to be related to localized thrombosis with phlebolith development within the malformation (8–10). 82, No. Axial T2-weighted MR image (3500/89) (d) and FDG PET/CT image (e) show a decrease in the size of the lesion (arrow). 5, 15 June 2018 | RadioGraphics, Vol. Complications associated with diverticula include urinary incontinence (60%), recurrent urinary tract infections (30%), and formation of calculi (10%) (57). Vejledning til udredning og behandling af osteoporose er udarbejdet af en arbejdsgruppe under Dansk Knoglemedicinsk Selskab. US can provide the size, number of loculations, and location of the cystic lesions relative to the urethra; however, US is operator dependent, and distinguishing the diverticulum from cystic lesions can be challenging, especially when the neck cannot be visualized. 5, Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, Vol. Can you pronounce this word better. The following 32 files are in this category, out of 32 total. Ischioanal fossa fat of the posterior anal triangle extends anteriorly into the anterior recess (inset). Dr. Hussein works as a consultant surgeon at the Oncology Centre of Mansoura University (OCMU), has acquired expertise in radical, conservative, and reconstructive surgery of the breast, neck, retroperitoneum, and pelvis, and has been actively participating in surgical teaching for the medical program as well as in . Introduktion Retroperitoneal sarkom er en sjælden heterogen cancer type der udgår fra bindevæv og som er lokaliseret til Often, the central urethral lumen appears as a central hypointense dot, which implies the tumor extends to the suburethral region. The vagina is distended with inert gel. These lesions are solitary round to oval cysts and are low to intermediate in signal intensity on T1-weighted images, depending on the mucin content of the cyst fluid; they are hyperintense on T2-weighted images. CT demonstrates a hypo- to hyperattenuating cyst near the vaginal introitus. Urethral neoplasms are uncommon. Fine-needle aspiration of the lymph node revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Biopsy findings confirmed recurrence of melanoma. 6, 1 March 2014 | RadioGraphics, Vol. challenge to urologists in the primary and post-chemotherapy settings. Common Cystic Lesions of the Female Lower Genitourinary Tract, Translabial US and Dynamic MR Imaging of the Pelvic Floor: Normal Anatomy and Dysfunction, Perineum, the Great Forgotten: Test Your Knowledge in Unusual Perineal Masses, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Vulva: Key Points for Making Differential Diagnosis, Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions of the Vulva and Vagina. The enhancement pattern of sacrococcygeal chordomas is variable, with homogeneous, septal, and heterogeneous patterns reported (104). Figure 9 Labial hematoma in an 18-year-old woman who presented with acute labial pain and expanding swelling after sustaining a straddle injury on a water slide. a Excision line for laparoscopy-assisted right hemicolectomy with a bottom-to-up approach (LBU-rHC). Fundet i bogen – Side 2747... Hansen BB : Hvad ved danske kvinder om deres Feldman EC see McMillan FD Feldberg D see Dekel A underliv ? ... 47-65 Feldberg MA : Computed tomography ( CT ) of the Felding P see Häggroth L Feldman F see Seitz WH retroperitoneum . Fundet i bogen – Side 72Den Almindelige Danske Laege- | 1942 , 378 . forening . ... 1898– * L'avorteSee also Genito - urinary system ; Kidney pelvis ; ment chez les fibromateuses ; sa gravité et ses Retroperitoneum ; Ureter ; Urinary organs ; Uri . dangers . (b) Axial T2-weighted image (3500/89) obtained superior to the level in a at the level of the perineal membrane shows extension of tumor into the posterolateral wall of the urethra (white arrowhead) and circumferential involvement of the distal vagina (arrow). 3, American Journal of Roentgenology, Vol. Note the necrotic left inguinal lymph node (arrowhead). Owing to the proximity of the perineum to the bony pelvic girdle, primary benign (osteochondromas) and malignant (sacrococcygeal chordomas and metastases) bone-based lesions may occasionally extend into the perineal soft tissues and vulva. Among adults, the estimated prevalence is 0.6%–6% (55), increasing to 40% in women with symptoms such as recurrent infections, postvoiding dribbling, and dyspareunia (56). Anteriorly, it receives contributions from the deep and superficial transverse perinei and bulbospongiosus muscles; posteriorly, it merges with fibers from the external sphincter; superiorly, it is continuous with fibers of the levator ani and rectovaginal septum (Figs 1, 3, 6) (3). The perineal membrane, formerly known as the urogenital diaphragm, is deep to the superficial perineal pouch. Plexiform neurofibroma results in multiple masses along the course of the affected nerves; involvement of the pelvis results in symmetrically arranged masses along the pudendal nerves within the ischioanal fossa (Fig 38). Plexiform neurofibromatosis (NF-1) in a 47-year-old woman who underwent surveillance imaging for neurofibromatosis. Viewer Because of recurrent symptoms, follow-up MR imaging was performed 2 years after complete diverticulectomy. 25, No. We report a case of a 45-year-old gentleman who presented to our institute with perianal necrotizing fasciitis with extension into the retroperitoneum. Biopsy findings confirmed the presence of metastatic cervical cancer. The yellow triangle in c demarcates the boundaries of the urogenital triangle. The vulva is the female external genitalia. Hisar Area, India. (b, c) Coronal (b) and axial (c) contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images show surrounding inflammatory hyperemia without luminal enhancement of the thrombosed veins (arrow). 33, No. After conservative treatment, imaging can help identify or exclude active extravasation (19). Because of the characteristic relationship of the diverticulum to the urethra, visualization of the neck is not necessary to make a confident diagnosis; however, the position of the neck can be helpful for surgical planning. 41, No. This process extends along the entire length of the vagina and is associated with bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy (white arrowheads). In contrast, complete surgical resection of AAMs is often not possible. View Alfredo Maria Bove's profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. (b) Axial contrast-enhanced CT image obtained superior to the level in a shows bilateral gas extension to the mons pubis and extension to the right ischioanal space. Individuals with mesenteric panniculitis develop inflammation and necrosis of the fatty . Vascular malformations are developmental defects composed of dysmorphic vessels that persist or grow slowly. Clinically, lipomatous neoplasms typically are seen as painless, deep-seated soft-tissue masses; many are not clinically apparent until they are large or have invaded perineal structures. Overall 5-year survival has been reported to be 70% for stage 1 cancer and 50% for advanced lesions (72). (a) Axial T2-weighted MR image (3500/85) shows a large intermediate-signal-intensity mass (straight arrow) replacing the urethra and compressing the vagina (curved arrow), which is distended with inert gel. Bartholin gland cysts are typically located in the posterolateral wall of the distal vagina at the level of the introitus, medial to the labium minus. Both neoplasms are typically seen as painless masses measuring less than 5 cm in diameter. The levator ani and coccygeus muscles form the muscular floor of the pelvis. Lateralt strækker retroperitoneum sig til kanten af m. quadratus lumborum. Fundet i bogen – Side 377... Løbende bearbejdelse af registrerede data fra Dansk Amputationsregister , oprettet i 1972 , f.eks . udarbejdelse ... tumorer i og omkring gastrointestinalkanalen herunder lymfeknuder i mediastinum , peritoneum og retroperitoneum . Viewer. A Foley catheter extends into the urinary bladder (arrowhead). (c) Axial CT image shows a sclerotic metastasis (arrow) of the left pubic ramus, confirmed on bone scans (not shown). Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of vaginal and paraurethral leiomyomas: can they be diagnosed before surgery? The urethral lumen (arrowhead) is displaced to the left. A hard palpable mass and urethral bleeding are suspicious for malignancy. (a, b) Sagittal (a) and axial (b) T2-weighted MR images (3500/85) show a well-marginated hypointense mass (arrow) arising from the anterior wall of the distal vagina and protruding into the lumen. The large volume of the ischioanal fossa allows considerable growth of tumors without causing symptoms. However, a variety of conditions affect the female perineum in adults; these include inflammatory, infectious, traumatic, developmental, and neoplastic conditions that primarily arise in the perineum or secondarily involve the perineum by direct extension through the pelvic diaphragm. The treatment of choice for urethral diverticulum is complete excision or marsupialization via a transvaginal approach, depending on the location along the urethra (55,59). Degeneration has variable signal intensity on T2-weighted images (71). En udfyldning i det retroperitoneale rum kan være fast, cystisk, inflammatorisk eller infektiøs. Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in a 66-year-old woman who presented with a right vulvar mass. Figure 1 Illustration of the muscles of the female perineum in the axial view. The female perineum is an important anatomic region that traditionally has been described in the literature in relation to its physiologic contribution to continence. Sacrococcygeal tumors commonly extend anteriorly as a soft-tissue mass; when arising sufficiently inferiorly, the soft tissue can extend into the perineum. Imaging cannot be reliably used to distinguish benign from malignant nerve sheath tumors; however, progressive enlargement and pain related to the tumor suggest malignant transformation (103). Veja o perfil completo no LinkedIn e descubra as conexões de JoseJose e as vagas em empresas similares. '' Det var den dumme smirk af ham, der fik mig til at indse, at Ace stadig var den samme ryster i hans gudlignende krop. (b) Axial T2-weighted image (3500/85) shows the tumor (straight arrow) involving the anterior wall of the vagina (curved arrow). What does retroperitoneal space mean? (a) Coronal T1-weighted MR image shows serpentine hyperintense thrombus (arrow) within the vessels of the right labium majus. From the Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop St, Presby South Tower, Suite 3950, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. Diseases encountered in the anus include anal carcinoma, fistula-in-ano, and anovaginal fistula, which can all be imaged with various modalities offering different sensitivities and fields of view. CT and US guided procedures including, bx's of lung, liver, kidney, retroperitoneum, pancreas . Urethral leiomyoma in a 36-year-old woman who presented with a palpable urethral mass. Generally, aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma demonstrates marked elevation in FDG uptake. En udfyldning i det retroperitoneale rum kan være fast, cystisk, inflammatorisk eller infektiøs. Diseases typically encountered in the adult patient include fistula-in-ano, anovaginal fistula of various causes, and cancer. Accidental genital trauma is most commonly the result of straddle injuries (70%) but can also be due to nonstraddle blunt and penetrating trauma. The following 32 files are in this category, out of 32 total. Nerve sheath neoplasms comprise schwannoma (neurilemmoma), neurofibroma, and neurogenic sarcoma (malignant schwannoma); more than 90% of nerve sheath tumors are benign. Note the anus (arrowhead). Anteriorly, the ischioanal fossa continues as the anterior recess, superior to the perineal membrane, as far anteriorly as the posterior surface of the pubis symphysis inferior to the attachment of levator ani muscle (Figs 4, 5). 5, Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, Vol. (a) Sagittal midline T2-weighted MR image (3500/85) shows a well-defined large oval mass with heterogeneous signal intensity expanding the distal vagina. Adenocarcinomas that arise within a diverticulum have intermediate intensity on T2-weighted images and are surrounded by a hypointense rim. 28, No. At pathology, lipomas are typically homogeneous and contain a higher proportion of mature adipose cells. (b, c) Sagittal (b) and axial (c) postcontrast T1-weighted MR images show homogeneous enhancement of the mass (arrow). (a) Axial unenhanced CT image shows the inferior soft-tissue component of a lytic mass (arrow) arising from the sacrum and containing tumoral calcification; it displaces the anorectum anteriorly. Axial T2-weighted MR image (3700/85) shows intermediate signal intensity of a thickened left internal anal sphincter (straight arrow), external anal sphincter (arrowheads), and left puborectalis muscle (curved arrow). The urogenital triangle is divided into two parts, the superficial perineal pouch and the perineal membrane, also known as the urogenital diaphragm (Figs 4, 5). Sacrococcygeal chordoma in a 69-year-old woman who presented with a perirectal mass. 2 Here we report a case of retroperitoneal teratoma in an adult with successful surgical treatment. The liver has 2 lobes typically described in two ways, by morphologic anatomy and by functional anatomy (as illustrated in Fig. Cystourethrectomy is the surgical treatment of choice. Note the necrotic left inguinal lymph node (arrowhead). (c) Follow-up axial contrast-enhanced CT image obtained 7 months after resection reveals cystic right inguinal adenopathy (arrow). The perineum contains the distal vagina at the level of the introitus. Secondary and Primary Vaginal Cancer.—Secondary carcinomas of the vagina (80%–90%) are seen more frequently than primary disease. Patients with diabetes mellitus constitute the group most vulnerable to necrotizing fasciitis, and a vulvar or perineal origin is associated with a high mortality (24,25). Treatment is surgical for symptomatic lesions. 4, Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Vol. Ninety-nine patients were surgically treated, while 23 underwent clinical-radiological follow-up. These lesions are detectable with US, CT, and MR imaging, with the majority incidentally recognized as small cystic masses. The disease has a bimodal distribution, with fewer than 20% of cases occurring in women younger than age 50 years; more than half occur in women over age 70 years. Axial T2-weighted MR image (3700/85) shows intermediate signal intensity of a thickened left internal anal sphincter (straight arrow), external anal sphincter (arrowheads), and left puborectalis muscle (curved arrow). Transvaginal biopsy findings confirmed metastatic endometrial carcinoma. Note the Foley catheter traversing the urethra (black arrowhead). Definition of primary lymphoma has been a subject of controversy. Mesenchymal, lipomatous, neurogenic, and osseous neoplasms originating in the perineum and vulva are encountered. Meaning of retroperitoneal space. Clear cell adenocarcinoma is the most common malignancy that can complicate a urethral diverticulum, and may arise from paraurethral ducts or Skene glands (58,65). Denne side blev lavet for efterhånden mange år siden, men bliver desværre ikke opdateret mere. CT findings in myxoid neoplasms include a heterogeneously attenuating mass with variable enhancement (Figs 34, 35). The cyst wall may be thickened and enhances if infected (69). (b) Axial unenhanced CT image shows the typical appearance of a surgically placed periurethral bulking agent (coaptite) as a treatment for urinary incontinence, a finding that can be mistaken for large calculi in a urethral diverticulum. Peritoneal cancer is a rare cancer. Vulvar melanoma in a 79-year-old woman with a history of anal melanoma 2 years after abdominoperineal resection, who presented with a vulvar mass at the vaginal introitus and involvement of the left labium majus. The anterior urogenital triangle consists of the perineal membrane and superficial perineal pouch and slopes downward from the symphysis pubis. Jose tem 6 vagas no perfil. Simple cysts are thin-walled and unilocular, but septations can be seen. Of all mesenchymal neoplasms, those that occur with a higher frequency in the pelvis are aggressive angiomyxomas (AAMs), superficial angiomyxomas, and angiofibromas (96). Hysteroscopic resection of the leiomyoma requires identification of the stalk, which appears as a low-signal-intensity structure on T2-weighted images (Fig 26). methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 23 July 2021 | RadioGraphics, Vol. Despite the heterogeneity, the tumors are typically hypointense on T1-weighted images and have intermediate intensity on T2-weighted images. The high spatial resolution and multiplanar capabilities of MR imaging have been shown to improve detection and assessment of the extent, structure, and complexity of diverticula, compared with VCUG and US (61). 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M. Paget (1856-1936) for The Black Arrow by RL Stevenson - courtesy of British Library.jpg, Itziar Okarizen 'Variations sur la même t'aime' artelanaren bi irudi.jpg, Wie Fasten den Stoffwechsel verändert (CC BY 4.0).webm, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Body&oldid=588229770, Uses of Wikidata Infobox providing interwiki links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Place files relating to animals in a suitable subcategory of ", Place files relating to humans in a suitable subcategory of ". The Perksons just love Christmas—especially Mom, who starts preparing for the perfect Christmas early in the fall. 04 Dick, leaning on the tree trunks as he went, drew nere to this grim object-Illustration by H. M. Paget (1856-1936) for The Black Arrow by RL Stevenson - courtesy of British Library.jpg 1,089 × 1,802; 286 KB. Transurethral resection revealed urethral leiomyoma. The imaging appearance of each disease process is described, with appropriate selection of the imaging modality on the basis of inherent strengths as evidenced in the literature, which is ultimately important in limiting the differential diagnosis and providing the correct diagnosis. A rare complication is development of squamous carcinoma or adenocarcinoma in a Bartholin gland duct or cyst, respectively. The ischioanal fossa extends from the undersurface of the pelvic diaphragm to the perineal skin and is filled with loose adipose tissue, with the anal canal and its sphincters lying at the center of the fossa (Fig 2). Color Doppler US can demonstrate expansile hypoechoic intraluminal filling defects in a noncompressible vessel and absence of flow. The patient also had superficial thrombophlebitis in her lower leg. On the right side of the urogenital triangle, the muscles overlying the clitoral crus and vestibular bulb have been removed. Where. (b) Axial contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image shows brisk enhancement of the mass. Axial T2-weighted MR image (3500/85) demonstrates eccentric thickening of the wall (arrows) of the mildly hyperintense vagina. (a) Axial T2-weighted MR image (3500/89) shows an intermediate-signal-intensity mass expanding the left labium minus (arrow) and extending deep into the ischioanal fossa (IAF). Leiomyomas are typically hypointense on T1-weighted images and have intermediate intensity on T2-weighted images. Other sarcomas can be included in the differential diagnosis of perineal soft-tissue masses and include leiomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and hemangiopericytoma. The urogenital triangle forms a sloping triangular plane from its attachment to the pubic bones to the level of the perineal body (Figs 2, 6). MR imaging best demonstrates the urethral mass and its relationship to adjacent structures for local-regional staging. The infection can progress to necrotizing fasciitis or Fournier gangrene. Det strækker sig fra de nederste costae til os sacrum og crista iliaca. Perianal complications of Crohn disease: MR imaging findings, MR imaging classification of perianal fistulas and its implications for patient management, Clinical course of perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease, Magnetic resonance imaging of fistula-in-ano: technique, interpretation and accuracy, Prospective evaluation of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of fistula in ano, Effect of MRI on clinical outcome of recurrent fistula-in-ano, Anovaginal and rectovaginal fistulas: endoluminal sonography versus endoluminal MR imaging, Magnetic resonance imaging of perianal fistulas, Anal carcinoma: histology, staging, epidemiology, treatment, ESMO Guidelines Working Group.

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